Cylindrocladium Black Rot (CBR) of peanut, caused
by Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous,
Wingfield & Alfenas,
was first
discovered in Georgia in 1965. Subsequently, CBR has been reported in
all peanut-producing areas of the southeastern United States and in
Japan, India and Australia. The disease has been a cause of major
concern, particularly in Virginia and North Carolina because of its
widespread occurrence and chronic threat to peanut production. In
other parts of the United States, outbreaks of CBR have remained
static, and yield losses are generally of secondary importance to
other soilborne diseases. The soil fumigant, metam sodium, was first
recognized in 1981 to have commercial value for control of CBR in
Virginia. Following chisel applications into soil, metam sodium
converts rapidly to methyl isothiocyanate (MIT) which is the active
ingredient. MIT is a highly toxic, broad spectrum biocide. Depending
upon the application rate and method, soil type, and environmental
conditions, MIT can be highly effective in control of soil inhabitors
such as weeds, nematodes, fungi and insects. Because of its highly
toxic and nonspecific nature, MIT should be applied at least two
weeks prior to planting to avoid crop injury.
This document was developed to serve as a guide for control of CBR, and for the application of metam sodium in fields with a history of yield loss to the disease. Descriptions of disease symptoms and signs, the causal organism, and chemical control of the disease with metam sodium are included along with an overview of disease-suppressive, cultural practices.
Trade and brand names are used only for the purpose of information and the sponsors do not guarantee nor warrant the standards of the product, nor do they imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others which may also be suitable.
Symptoms & Signs Causal Organism Cultural Practices Chemical Control References
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http://ipm-www.ento.vt.edu:8000/nipmn/VA-IPM/cblackrot/
Last Updated on March 5, 1998 by Barron Britt Keeling